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Nipah virus: All you need to know

Kerala Nipah Virus

8 September 2021:

What is Nipah virus?
Nipah virus infection is a zoonotic illness that causes severe disease in both animals and humans.
First identified in 1998 during an outbreak in Malaysia
The death rate for Nipah virus is 70%

Transmission

It is not likely to spread like Covid-19 as it is not an airborne infection
The virus can be from animals (bats or pigs), or contaminated foods and from close contact with infected person’s body fluids

Year 2018

The first outbreak in the Kerala state was reported in Kozhikode in 2018 and it claimed 17 lives. The first case was reported on May 2, 2018 and the outbreak was contained and declared over in June 10, 2018
It was the third outbreak in India, with previous ones having occurred in 2001 (45 deaths) and 2007 (5 deaths) in West Bengal

Year 2019

A 23 year old student tested positive for the virus on June4, 2019 in Ernakulam district. The Student was isolated and the infection was stopped without any single death.

Year 2021

A 12 year boy in Kozhikode district hospitalized on September 01st 2021 with Nipah symptoms dies on Sunday morning. Presence of Nipah virus detected in his samples. The government took effective measures to control the spread of virus immediately.

Steps taken by Kerala Government

A dedicated Nipah Call Centre along with control room was set up.
NIV, Pune asked to set up a testing centre in Kozhikode. A point of care testing facility under NIV where special ward for Nipah was set up at Kozhikode Medical College.
A team of National Centre for Disease Control has been immediately sent by the Union Government to inspect the situation.

Nipah Symptoms

Fever, Respiratory symptoms including cough, sore throat, aches and fatigue along with encephalitis

Nipah Treatment

There is no vaccine against the virus at present
Ribavirin, an antiviral was used to treat patients in 2018 along with supportive care

Nipah Prevention

Avoid consumption of fallen fruits on the ground
Avoid any close contact with infected people.



Nipah Virus - FAQ

Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic virus, meaning that it could unfold between animals and people. Fruit bats, additionally referred to as flying foxes, are the animal reservoir for NiV in nature. Nipah virus is also acknowledged to cause contamination in pigs and people.

Currently there are no licensed remedies available for Nipah virus (NiV) contamination. Treatment is restricted to supportive care, including relaxation, hydration, and remedy of signs and symptoms as they arise.

Infection with Nipah virus is associated with encephalitis (inflammation of the brain). After publicity and an incubation period of five to fourteen days,contamination gives with three-14 days of fever and headache, followed with the aid of drowsiness, disorientation and intellectual confusion.

1. Practice handwashing regularly with soap and water.
2. Keep away from touch with sick bats or pigs.
3. Keep away from areas in which bats are recognized to roost.
4. Avoid consumption of raw date palm sap.
5. Avoid consumption of fruits that can be infected by way of bats.

Nipah virus (NiV) changed into first located in 1999 following an epidemic of sickness in pigs and people in Malaysia and Singapore. This outbreak resulted in almost 300 human instances and greater than a hundred deaths, and triggered considerable monetary effect as greater than 1 million pigs have been killed to help manipulate the outbreak.